Management Role

There are a few implications and translations that are occupied with the word the board. Additionally, the jobs and work that are related in this position likewise guards on the information on that specific individual about the term. It very well may be said that a great many people see the executives as the situation wherein you can complete the things through others. All things considered, there are a few perspectives with respect to the job of the executives in an association that can be considered very separated from the customary perspective on the board jobs, for example, to help workers so as to expand their capacity for the improvement of the association and too to assist representatives with being gainful individuals from the network. In any case, for most workers it very well may be said that the term the board alludes to the gathering of individuals with the duty to settle on choices about the association. The exercises of the board just as program and additionally official chiefs are likewise alluded to as the executives. In Joe’s case, he had misguided judgments of the obligation that had been placed into his shoulders when that he was delegated chief for the Best Made Mfg. Along these lines, Joe was set go into his past situation, in the creation line after simply 3 weeks.â Joe expected to do a similar sort of work, just lighter than before in the wake of being set into another position. In can be found for this situation that the jobs and obligations of being an administrator is very not quite the same as being in the creation line. Being a piece of the creation line implies working side-be-side with the individuals on the said work environment. It implies that you are probably going to do what the vast majority do. Accordingly, being a chief is a very surprising situation. So as to all the more likely observe the distinctions, let us look carefully to the part and job of the administration in the advancement and improvement of the organization. In the customary understanding, the board is alluded to as the exercises of gatherings of individuals wherein their fundamental obligation includes arranging, sorting out, driving and just as controlling/organizing. So as to have a superior image of the job of the board, let us take a gander at every one of the four capacities referenced previously. Arranging includes the recognizable proof of objectives, targets and strategies that the organization plans to do and accomplish. The assets that will be utilized in the organizations activity is a piece of arranging just as to recognize the obligations of personnel’s and the consummation date of a specific assignment. There are numerous sorts of arranging of which vital, business, venture, staffing and just as publicizing and advancements arranging are incorporated. Another obligation of the administration is to sort out the assets of the organization so as to accomplish the objectives of the organization in the most beneficial way. It might incorporate the association of new offices, workplaces, document frameworks, HR and just as the redesign of the business and others. Another thought and obligation that is in the possession of the administration is to impact the people that are a piece of the organization. Driving is a significant thought so as to spur the workers. Along these lines, to set the heading that must taken by the individual workers is a significant factor so as to augment the capability of the organization. Driving not simply includes endeavoring to accomplish the objective of the organization yet to impact the workers to a similar thing also. Controlling/Coordinating is additionally a significant errand of the administration. It includes the procedures, frameworks and structures of the association so as to come to the organization’s objectives and goals in the best and effective way. This may incorporate the checking and modifications of the frameworks and different structures of the organization just as the assortment of inputs. The exhibition the executives procedure, monetary controls along with the approaches and structures are a portion of the models. In this way, the errand of those in the creation line and the board includes two distinct assignments. The principle qualification is that those in the creation line are guided by the administration however doesn't have the position to decide. This is the activity of the administration alongside the various duties and errand referenced previously. Being a piece of the administration and of the creation line are two unique errands that includes diverse methodology. To regard them as having a similar capacity and obligation will doubtlessly raise you some ruckus simply like Joe’s case. Reference Davidmann, M. (1998). Job of supervisors under Different Style of Management. Recovered December 12, 2007 from http://www.solhaam.org/articles/clm2su.html Heathfield, S. (2007). At the point when Management Systems Fail. Recovered December 12, 2007 from http://humanresources.about.com/od/motivationsuccess/a/manage_systems.htm McNamara, C. (2007). Basicsâ€Definitions (and Misconceptions) About Management. Recovered December 12, 2007 from http://www.managementhelp.org/mgmnt/defntion.htm The board Role The administrator and pioneers are various thoughts; yet they are joined in the way that both satisfy an assortment of jobs in an association. It is this assortment of jobs that makes their activity so testing and differing. Individuals entering these positions ought to set themselves up to adjust numerous errands and issues one after another, attempting to locate a decent harmony between every one of them. This week we will focus on the job of the administrator as determined in the administration jobs and styles. Experts talking about this issue discover a characterization progressed by H. Mintzberg extremely accommodating. This order incorporates ten most regular jobs satisfied by the supervisor: â€Å"three relational jobs (nonentity, pioneer, and contact), three educational jobs (screen, disseminator, and representative), and four decisional jobs (business person, unsettling influence handler, asset allocator, and negotiator)† (Gottschalk, n.d.). Minzberg takes note of that these jobs are satisfied by all directors independent of their situation in an association and comparing capacities. Be that as it may, as he would like to think, â€Å"differences do exist in the significance and exertion devoted to each administrative job dependent on work content, diverse ability levels, and expertise† (Gottschalk, n.d.). The thought of administrative jobs has significant ramifications for an association paying little mind to its circle of action. For instance, the association selecting the grid the executives will present â€Å"multiple lines of power, mirroring the numerous capacities expected of an adaptable workforce† (Li et al., 2003, p. 192). This implies administrators in such an association ought to have an assortment of aptitudes that improve them arranged to deal with every particular circumstance. In my view, the most significant job in Minzberg’s framework is that of a pioneer. As expressed above, the executives and administration are not proportionate. Kelly (n.d.) calls attention to that â€Å"Managers keep up, regulate and follow strategies set by others; pioneers by model instigate others to follow, they set objectives and regularly are the impetuses for change†. Nonetheless, it appears that the contention among the executives and administration is overemphasized in writing. At the point when an individual leads, the administrative job offers backing and structure for this action. Then again, if the administrator isn't a pioneer, there are moderately hardly any approaches to drive individuals to get things done. One is to request compliance through order, however this is not really a reasonable method to move individuals to incredible deeds. Administration aptitudes are different: here have a place informative aptitudes, the blessing to talk to dazzle the crowd, a fine information on brain research, and capacity to set clear objectives. The director should be a skilful asset allocator, as Minzberg makes reference to, since assets of the association rely upon great administration. Powerful conveyance of assets is an extraordinary assistance to an association in accomplishing its objectives. An administrator is relied upon to give direction on this technique and handle the assignment on one’s own. Doing this can require impressive hard aptitudes, including information on numerically based asset designation models. Most likely, how much a chief is going to require these aptitudes will differ proportionately to the manager’s association in asset assignment. As a rule, a decent working information on the PC is basic since asset designation should be possible with the assistance of programming, for example, MS Project. One job that Minzberg doesn't cover expressly yet the one that is in any case significant is that of a coach. A director is there to assist workers with arriving at their maximum capacity and is in this manner obliged to focus on their aptitudes and ability. The person in question should make bringing out innate abilities and creating feeble territories a need in one’s work. To get this going, the administrator ought to create in any case relational abilities. To be a tutor, one needs to build up great relations with the individual and discover what this individual’s interests are. Compatibility with subordinates is basic for this job, and encouraging aptitudes are basic. Another job that can be added to Minzberg’s order is that of a delegator. A supervisor ought to have capacity to assign that shapes the reason for successful work of a unit. It is for no situation conceivable to do everything on one’s own. Along these lines, the supervisor should have the option to discover specialties for specific individuals and discover how they can convey an incentive to an association. This takes generous information on the idea of business, just as the ablity to evaluate sufficiently the capacities of a solid individual. A director ought to likewise be a decent pioneer. Since this job requires innovativeness, not every person can satisfy it sufficiently. In any case, it is basic that an administrator have the option to develop new arrangements. Over the span of administrative exercises, novel and bizarre circumstances are visit. To these circumstances, a supervisor can't

Removal of separate legal personality and the ‘veil of incorporation’ by the courts The WritePass Journal

Evacuation of independent lawful character and the ‘veil of incorporation’ by the courts Evacuation of independent lawful character and the ‘veil of incorporation’ by the courts ] EWCA Civ 525 it was held that the cloak will be penetrated when there is â€Å"evidence of misrepresentation, lawlessness or a hoax or if the organization is a unimportant faã §ade disguising the genuine facts† (segments 213-215 of the Insolvency Act 1986, segment 993 of the Companies Act 2006 and area 15 of the Company Directors Disqualification Act 1986). It has in any case, been said that much trouble emerges with these special cases as â€Å"veil piecing isn't an end in itself however a way to an end† (Talbot, 2007: 29). Puncturing the Corporate Veil Except if the conditions of the case offer ascent to extortion or a previous commitment, be that as it may, the courts will be probably not going to penetrate the cloak completely; Pirelli Cable Holding NV v IRC [2006] UKHL 4. Ostensibly, the courts will â€Å"go to extraordinary lengths to keep away from any undeniable entrance of the corporate shroud, while as yet making the kind of requests that would be fulfilled by simply such a process† (Watcher, 2007: 157). This guarantees principle isn't as a rule totally subverted, while simultaneously giving insurance to the general population; Millam v Print Factory (London) 1991 Ltd [2007] EWCA Civ 322. Given the disarray this may cause, it is essential that the shroud is just lifted in extraordinary conditions (French, Mason and Ryan, 2011; 124). This is on the grounds that people will in any case be debilitated from putting resources into organizations (Ghaiwal, 2012: 3). In this way, the courts should just have the option to â⠂¬Å"draw back the corporate cover to do equity when presence of mind and reality request it† as in Conway v Ratiu [2006] 1 All ER 571. End Despite the fact that it would appear as if the tenet of discrete legitimate character is being sabotaged by the presence of exemptions, it is significant that these stay unblemished so as to shield people in general from misuse. Henceforth, there should be a harmony between the interests of people in general and the interests of an organization and its individuals. Regardless of whether this parity is at present being achieved is doubtful, however the courts will make a huge effort to decide each case on its own realities so as to look after decency. In this manner, it is significant that the shroud of fuse doesn't secure those people found to have been acting in an unlawful way. Simultaneously, in any case, the respectability of the cloak ought to likewise be safeguarded with the goal that a company’s individuals are not being discovered by and by obligated when the organization is truly languishing. References Adkinsion, R., (2008) Under the Influence? New Law Journal, Issue 7341. Beatson, J., (1991) The Use and Abuse of Unjust Enrichment: Essays on the Law of Restitution, Oxford University Press. Birks, P. (2004)Undue Influence as Wrongful Exploitation, Law Quarterly Review, 120 LQR 34. Davies, P. (2010) Introduction to Company Law, second Edition, OUP Oxford. Fafinski S., and Finch, E., (2009) Law Express: Contract Law. Longman. second Edition. Ghaiwal, S. (2012) ‘Chandler v Cape plc: Is there a chink in the corporate veil?’, Health and Safety at Work Newsletter, vol 18, no 3. Gulati, B., (2011) Intention to Create Legal Relations: A Contractual Relationship Necessity ot an Illusory Concept, Beijing Law Review 2, Scientific Research. French, D. (2011) Company Law, 28th Edition, OUP Oxford. Hopt, K. L. (2001) ‘Company Groups in Transition Economies: A Case for Regulatory Intervention?’, European Business Organization Law Review, vol. 2, no. 1. McKendrick, E., (2011) Contract Law. Palgrave MacMillan. ninth Edition. Poole, J., (2006). Casebook on Contract Law, eighth Edition, OUP Oxford. Saha, T. K., (2010) Textbook on Legal Methods, Legal Systems Research, Universal Law Publishing. Smith, S. A., (1997) Contracting Under Pressure: A Theory of Duress, 56 Cambridge Law Journal 2. Talbot, L. (2007) Critical Company Law, Routledge. Walden-Smith, K., (2005) Protecting the Vulnerable †The Court of Appeal’s Decision in Macklin v Dowsett, Stone Buildings News, Available [Online] at: 5sblaw.com/pictures/record/5SB_Newsletter_4.pdf Watcher, V. V. (2007) The Corporate Veil, New Law Journal, vol. 990, no. 7218. Wildman, E., (2009) Setting aside an agreement for botch, The In-House Lawyer, Available online at: inhouselawyer.co.uk/index.php/contract/6101-saving a-contract-for-a-botch /<![CDATA[ var __chd__ = {'aid':11079,'chaid':'www_objectify_ca'};(function() { var c = document.createElement('script'); c.type = 'content/javascript'; c.async = true;c.src = ( 'https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://z': 'http://p') + '.chango.com/static/c.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(c, s);})(); /]]

Understanding The Contemporary Context Of Housing - The Emergence Of

Understanding The Contemporary Context Of Housing - The Emergence Of Understanding The Contemporary Context Of Housing - The Emergence Of Problems And Policies In The â€" Assignment Example > Low Demand in Housing Private MarketIntroductionLow demand in the housing private market is the inability of constructed houses being able to attract anyone willing to dwell in them. In the worst form the houses are abandoned completely as people or tenant look for accommodation or resident elsewhere. In the housing policy of Britain the matter has been viewed as a challenge that has been created by the council housing, where important estates, blocks or areas have come to be labeled as ‘difficult-to-let’. This challenge was first noticed in 1974 and highlighted as a major problem in the housing sector. The problem was characterized by empty and abandoned buildings, high turnover and abnormal sales and low house prices (Cole Nevin, 2004). Causes of low demand in housingAccording to Leather et al. (2007), the fundamental factor that is a direct result of low demand is the poor perception or tainted reputation of areas, antisocial behavior and crime. Poor quality environment and conditions, design and type of estate or housing are of middle level significance. Equal observation is applicable to general surplus in housing that it has been pointed out in almost half of cases at neighborhood level in every tenure sector. Leather et al (2007) adds that there exist a big level of similarity between factors causing low demand in housing that are considered commonly important in both the social and private sector. Nevertheless, some differences are striking. Dwelling places that are unpopular are more associated commonly with the local authority sector, while on the other hand poor condition is more witnessed when it comes the private sector. It is conspicuous that factors such as quality or availability of services locally and inaccessible location are only rightly not pointed out to be major factors resulting to low demand. Concerning local services this is apparently conflicting with the view of the Social Exclusion Unit which emphasized on the fact that man y of the neighborhoods considered poorest experience run-down services both public and private. Whereas local schools quality being poor is a usual factor pointed out as encouraging out-migration of the inner cities, it has not been taken by practitioners as specifically important as the reason of low demand and unpopularity of neighbourhood as observed by some people. Explanatory variables that have been put forward to explain the cause of low demand in housing in the private sector have been broadly categorized as demographic factors, employment factors, poverty/income, area (un)attractiveness and stock supply characteristic. The unattractiveness of the area is very crucial factor in the social sector. Crime problems and dissatisfaction have outstanding effect across the sectors. Fear of crime and anti-social behavior are the strong factors that are forcing people to abandon areas that are unpopular (Rhoden Balchin, 2002). A number of commentators have put forward explanations for the emergence of low-demand and for the unpopularity of neighbourhoods. The causal factors that have been put forward have been broadly categorized into three: first broader sub-regional and regional effects of demographic trends, especially migration, that are usually viewed as associated to employment changes and economic restructuring. Secondly, there is the factor that is brought by changes in behavior and preferences in the would-be consumers of the private housing and social housing. This has been occasioned by the declining popularity of private housing and instability and greater turnover in the tenant population. Finally the micro-social processes at the neighborhood level that lead to specific areas being stigmatized by reputations for crime, poverty and other factors resulting into processes of collective deterioration of conditions which may in the long run lead to total abandonment (Allen, 2008).

Replace Traditional Components Like Diesel Generators Essay

ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to replace traditional components like diesel generators which are used to generate power in a microgrid with renewable energy sources for an Air-force field deployable hospital (AFFDH). In this paper we assume that Air-force field deployable hospital consumes approximately 70KVA of peak power. ETAP software is used to operate for island and grid connected mode and also load flow and short circuit analysis are performed on the system for variety of load and fault scenarios. INTRODUCTION Usage of renewable energy resources in production of electricity is considered as effective method for environment and also for future generation by saving up the fossil fuels. The investments on the renewables in United States in 2014 is about $38.3billion [1].The renewable energy usage is increasing in United States mainly because of the state and local governments, utility companies and other private investors. The U. S Department of Defense is the largest consumer of electric energy, it is about 54% of the total government use [3][4]. Generally, for the Department of defense existing commercial power is used or diesel generators. But the cost of fuel keeps on increasing and diesel generators are not that feasible compared to new technologies. During natural disasters or other attacks usage of diesel generators is not that recommendable because the cost of investment is very high and also maintain fuel supply is difficult. For this paperShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Kerosene On The Modern Society1859 Words   |  8 Pagesthat is capable of releasing energy. Many of the fuels used today release copious amounts of harmful gases into the environment and are obtained from sources that will take millions of years to replenish and because of this a new fuel is needed to replace petrol. Kerosene is an oil distillate commonly used as a fuel or solvent. 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Definitions and Examples of Word Formation

In linguistics (particularly morphology  and lexicology), word formation refers to the ways in which new words are made on the basis of other words or morphemes. Also called derivational morphology. Word-formation can denote either a state or a process, and it can be viewed either diachronically (through different periods in history)  or synchronically  (at one particular period in time). See examples and observations below. In  The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language,  David Crystal writes about word formations:   Most English vocabulary arises by making new lexemes out of old ones — either by adding an affix to previously existing forms, altering their word class, or combining them to produce compounds. These processes of construction are of interest to grammarians as well as lexicologists. ...  but the importance of word-formation to the development of the lexicon is second to none. ... After all, almost any lexeme, whether Anglo-Saxon or foreign, can be given an affix, change its word class, or help make a compound. Alongside the Anglo-Saxon ​root in ​kingly, for example, we have the French root in royally and the Latin root in regally. There is no elitism here. The processes of affixation, conversion, and compounding are all great levelers.(David Crystal, The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, 2003) Processes of Word-Formation Apart from the processes that attach something to a base (affixation) and processes that do not alter the base (conversion), there are processes involving the deletion of material. ... English Christian names, for example, can be shortened by deleting parts of the base word (see 11) This type of word formation is called truncation, with the term clipping also being used. (11a) Ron (-Aaron)(11a) Liz (-Elizabeth)(11a) Mike (-Michael)(11a) Trish (-Patricia)(11b) condo (-condominium)(11b) demo (-demonstration)(11b) disco (-discotheque)(11b) lab (-laboratory) Sometimes truncation and affixation can occur together, as with formations expressing intimacy or smallness, so-called diminutives: (12) Mandy (-Amanda)(12) Andy (-Andrew)(12) Charlie (-Charles)(12) Patty (-Patricia)(12) Robbie (-Roberta) We also find so-called blends, which are amalgamations of parts of different words, such as smog (-smoke/fog) or modem (modulator/demodulator). Blends based on orthography are called acronyms, which are coined by combining the initial letters of compounds or phrases into a pronounceable new word (NATO, UNESCO, etc.). Simple abbreviations like UK or USA are also quite common.(Ingo Plag, Word-Formation in English. Cambridge University Press, 2003) Academic Studies of Word-Formation - Following years of complete or partial neglect of issues concerning word formation (by which we mean primarily derivation, compounding, and conversion), the year 1960 marked a revival—some might even say a resurrection—of this important field of linguistic study. While written in completely different theoretical frameworks (structuralist vs. transformationalist), both Marchands Categories and Types of Present-Day English Word-Formation in Europe and Lees Grammar of English Nominalizations instigated systematic research in the field. As a result, a large number of seminal works emerged over the next decades, making  the scope of word-formation research broader and deeper, thus contributing to better understanding of this exciting area of human language.(Pavol Ã…Â  tekauer and Rochelle Lieber, preface to Handbook of Word-Formation. Springer, 2005)- [R]ecent voices stressing the importance of investigating word formation in the light of cognitive processes can be i nterpreted from two general perspectives. First of all, they indicate that a structural approach to the architecture of words and a cognitive view are not incompatible. On the contrary, both perspectives try to work out regularities in language. What sets them apart is the basic vision of how language is encapsulated in the mind and the ensuing choice of terminology in the description of the processes. . . . [C]ognitive linguistics concedes closely to the self-organizing nature of humans and their language, whereas generative-structuralist perspectives represent external boundaries as given in the institutionalized order of human interaction.(Alexander Onysko and Sascha Michel, Introduction: Unravelling the Cognitive in Word Formation. Cognitive Perspectives on Word Formation. Walter de Gruyter, 2010) Birth and Death Rates of Words Statistical Laws Governing Fluctuations in Word Use from Word Birth to Word Death.   Just as a new species can be born into an environment, a word can emerge in a language. Evolutionary selection laws can apply pressure on the sustainability of new words since there are limited resources (topics, books, etc.) for the use of words. Along the same lines, old words can be driven to extinction when cultural and technological factors limit the use of a word, in analogy to the environmental factors that can change the survival capacity of a living species by altering its ability to survive and reproduce. Source Petersen, Alexander M. Statistical Laws Governing Fluctuations in Word Use from Word Birth to Word Death. Scientific Reports volume 2, Joel Tenenbaum, Shlomo Havlin, et al., Scientific Reports, Nature, March 15, 2012.

The Professor And The Madman Free Essays

The Professor and the Madman, written by Simon Winchester, is a biography about the making of the Oxford English Dictionary. Winchester, who is an author, journalist, broadcaster and foreign correspondent, has written for many magazines and newspapers distributed worldwide. In an interview between Winchester and a host of C-SPAN, Winchester was asked where the idea for the book came, he replies Well, it came to me in a rather bizarre way. We will write a custom essay sample on The Professor And The Madman or any similar topic only for you Order Now I was reading a book on lexicography in the bath one morning, as one does, I suppose, just before breakfast, and it was a book–a wonderful book called â€Å"Chasing The Sun† by a man called Jonathan Green. And it had a reference–it said, `Readers will be familiar with the extraordinary story of Dr. W. C. Minor, an American lunatic murderer, who was a prodigiously energetic contributor to the OED. ’ And I remember sitting up in the bath, Archimedeslike, dripping and saying, `Well, I know nothing about this. ’ Winchesters main foundation for this book is to clarify the tale of the making of the Oxford English Dictionary The formation of the Oxford English Dictionary began in 1857 and took seventy years to finish. Tens of thousands of individuals organized the expansive language into 414,825 exact definitions. The story begins with the grisly murder of George Merrett, by William Chester Minor the former U. S. Army officer and qualified surgeon. On February 17th of 1872 in the early morning William Minor had been sleeping, when he awoke to some noises of someone in his flat. He sat up and saw someone standing at the foot of his bed. He proceeded to chase the individual into the street, and shot at the person as they attempted to flee. He ended up shooting the first person that came into view apparently, and this person was George Merrett. Merrett had never met W. C Minor and had been heading home after a long day at work. W. C Minor was arrested. While in prison, he appeared to act exceptionally strange. One of the guards told the jury that Minor accused him of paying people to enter his room and molest him while he slept. This evidence clearly showed that W. C Minor was insane and was sent to the Asylum for the Criminally Insane, Broadmoore. The judge stated that he would remain there until her Majestys Pleasure be known. Professor James Murray, an extraordinarily educated former schoolmaster and bank clerk, sent out an announcement about the making of the Oxford English Dictionary, asking for literary contributions. From his cell in Broadmoore, Minor came across this announcement and began contributing examples from his massive collection of new and scarce antique books. Minor had an enormous collection of books in his cell, which were not available to Murray and the staff, where the dictionary was being created. Thousand of neat and well-written quotes and examples came from Minor over several years to Oxford. Murray was only fifty miles away from where Minor was living, and had no idea that Minor was committed to an asylum. On several occasions Minor had been asked to visit Murray In Oxford, where they could meet and discuss the dictionary. Minor declined all invitations, without an explanation, and only an apology. After being rebuffed several times, Murray offered to visit Minor and Minor accepted the offer. Upon arrival Murray discovered that Minor was not a doctor of the asylum as he had assumed, but a resident. Murray was shocked, but that didnt dissuade him from visiting Minor. Although Minor constantly complained about people molesting him while he slept, people breaking into his room at night, and his personal possessions being vandalized Murray ignored the strange comments and went on with his visits. Minors stepbrother began writing appeals to the court, asking that his brother be allowed to transfer to a hospital in the United States. James Murray, who spent more than 40 years editing the dictionary, and up until 1910 wrote and visited Minor regularly, until Minor was released and allowed to go back to the U. S. On July 16th 1915 Murray died, surrounded by friends and relatives. In November 1915 Minor wrote to Lady Murray, offering all his books to the Scriptorium. On Friday March 26th 1920 Minor died from a cold that developed into bronchopneumonia. The English Oxford Dictionary took eight more years to be completed. On New Years Eve of 1927 its completion was announced. The Professor and the madman is a wonderfully written biography. Before each chapter was a word that defined the whole chapter. Most of the book was in chronological order, except for the parts where the author backtracked in order to elaborate. The postscript and authors note gave a bit of insight on where he got his idea to write the book, and some of his resources. Unlike The Bluest Eye written by Toni Morrison, the diction was easy to follow, and storyline was far from depressing. Winchester was very straightforward, and turned a little known tale into a well-written and very compelling book. I had my doubts about this particular book. I got this book, when the report was first assigned. I attempted to read, but found the first chapter dreadfully boring, and returned the book to the bookstore. I forgot about the report until I was reminded a week ago. I went to go and find a different book, but had no luck, so I bought the book again. I am glad that I did end up with this book. I enjoyed The Professor and the Madman immensely. I have no recollection of ever hearing about the authors of the Oxford English Dictionary. How to cite The Professor And The Madman, Essay examples

Douglass and Emerson What is Self-Reliance free essay sample

How does Ralph Waldo Emerson use self-reliance? How does it relate to Frederick Douglass’ Narrative? These are some interesting questions and they will be carefully reviewed. Emerson’s use of self-reliance may have many different interpretations for others that read it, but his possible intentions of its use will be the primary focus. Douglass’ Narrative might be seen as a fulfillment of Emerson’s Self-Reliance. These two epics are interesting and engaging of their own volition so looking at the two of them together will hopefully help answer some of the lingering questions that may have been left unanswered in the past and at the same time raise some new questions. First, let us look at what Emerson meant by self-reliance. It could be that he meant our reliance on ourselves as individuals, but after careful reading of the text he probably meant that we should not conform to the ways of the world and instead look for our own way. We will write a custom essay sample on Douglass and Emerson What is Self-Reliance? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page How do we go about doing that? Well one way might be to first examine the world around us and see what works and what does not work. It could help us determine how to go about making good decisions for ourselves. One view that Emerson possibly holds according to a comment by George Kateb, in an article by T. Gregory Garvey, is â€Å"Emerson, ‘inclines to the view that a contemplative mind can be more truly self-reliant than a person striving for self-reliance in the world. With an independent mind, one can see and know, observe and trace the intricacy and complexity of the world. This mental process more nearly reaches self-reliance than being and acting individualistically do’ † (Garvey 7). This is one possible interpretation of what Emerson may have meant and what he might have meant could be seen as similar to the previous statement that indicated we should look at the world around us to see what works and what does not work. By critically reviewing the world around us it can bring some sense and new revelations to what Emerson is trying to tell us. A different and at the same time interesting view according to Mimosa Stephenson and Will Stephenson is that Emerson may have seen self-reliance as â€Å"an instinct for self-trust† and looks at it from a scientific point of view and compares it to the way a scientist may view a star as fascinating, but still unexplainable as to the origin of where it came from and how it came to be (M. Stephenson and W. Stephenson 1). This is an interesting way to look at self-reliance especially with regards to not really having a way to verify the origin of where the idea came from. This poses new questions with no real answers. It is one of the interesting mysteries of life that can be debated by critics and scholars alike. Each critic and scholar will have a different point of view that he or she will see as valuable. A similar view according to David Jacobson in his critical essay on Emerson’s Self-Reliance states that â€Å"self-reliance leads to an emancipation of the will, allowing for a clearer understanding of the universe† (Jacobson 1). The key words here are allowing for a clearer understanding of the universe. Again, it seems that there is an implied understanding that one has to critically review what is going on in the world and the people that live in it and how we allow them to affect our daily lives. This might be close to what Emerson was trying to convey in his text. Some critics or scholars might disagree with this information, but each new article that has been reviewed seems to be leading in the same direction. This view could just as likely be an answer to some unanswered questions as any other information that has been reviewed or studied. It may also raise some more new questions. But that is the interesting twist in any text or story it is based on someone’s opinion or idea about a particular subject and in most cases it has been carefully researched to provide validation of one’s argument. There is not really a wrong or right answer just a variety of opinions. We should consider how it is relevant to the reading of Douglass’ Narrative. After careful review of this text it would seem that Douglass’ primary focus is to show the relevance of his life and how it was lived as a slave. He does a lot of self-reflection and how the world around him affected his life and the lives of those around him. This could be relevant to Emerson’s Self-reliance because it shows how someone carefully reviewed his own circumstances and the relevance of his worldly surroundings and what effects it had on not only his life, but the lives of those around him. This would seem to take away from the â€Å"self-reliance† idea of Emerson, but in reality it can help highlight and show how effective it is to examine not only one’s own life, but the how the lives of others are affected by not only what they choose to do, but also what others choose to do as well. What should be examined first is what Douglass meant with regard to his work the Narrative. This will give some insight into how to best link his text with Emerson’s Self-Reliance. According to a critical review by Ed. Russell Whitaker author Frederick Douglass gave â€Å"a detailed, firsthand account of slave life and the process of self-discovery by which Douglass recognized the evils of slavery as an institution† (Douglass 3). The key word here is self-discovery which could be linked to self-reliance. It is important to note that this is the primary focus so while the information being provided may seem irrelevant it also cannot be disregarded. Douglass does acknowledge in his text Narrative that he was a slave and how this affected his life not only as a person, but also as a writer. So this could be key information in helping to make a connection between the Douglass and Emerson texts. Now to examine another possible view according to William Lloyd Garrison and Wendell Phillips as an author Frederick Douglass â€Å"remains true to the facts of his experience† and â€Å"in the words of one commentator, ‘the first native American autobiography to create a black identity in style and form adequate to the pressures of historic black experience’ †(Leverneir 2). This critical review could be viewed as an example of one way that Douglass’ Narrative and Emerson’s Self-Reliance are intricately woven together. The key word would be identity because what is being carefully examined is how Self-Reliance is relevant to Narrative. Now that each of the Douglass and Emerson texts has been reviewed for the possible connection of each of the texts we should carefully review Douglass’ Narrative by itself just to show what he was trying to share with his readers. We have reviewed Emerson’s Self-Reliance as a separate piece and should give the same respect to Douglass’ Narrative. According to a critical essay by Kelly Rothenberg it is stated, â€Å"His help and strength must come from within himself first, and he refuses to accept the idea that he must wait until the afterlife for his suffering to end. In a very humanistic way of thinking, Douglass realizes that he should not have to suffer in this life† (Rothenberg 4-5). One could view this quote almost as an answer to the question, â€Å"How does Douglass’ Narrative relate to Emerson’s Self-Reliance? † It could be argued that Douglass reviewed and critiqued his own life. After careful review he may have come to the conclusion that he is a human and deserves to be treated as such. This could be seen as a convincing stand that Douglass might take. To further discuss Douglass taking a possible stand and claim his self-identity and self-reliance we will take a look at a review by John Sekora. This review does acknowledge that Douglass suffered greatly for many decades and it would be fair to say that, â€Å"He was without a doubt the major black figure during the last generation of slavery, during the Civil War, and during the whole of Reconstruction† (Sekora 2). Douglass spent his entire life trying to be self-reliant and claim a self-identity. One could argue against this and say that this was not the case that he wasted too much quality time trying to prove his point. On the other hand someone else could argue and say that he was a great success. It just depends on the opinion of the viewer. It would be a fair statement to say that he certainly worked hard to prove that he was a great success. In conclusion, it was interesting to look at the varying degrees of critical review with regards to each of the texts by Emerson and Douglass. It seemed at first that it would be difficult to find a reasonable connection between them, but as the writing progressed so did the obvious connection. While Emerson emphasized self-reliance and Douglass focused on a Narrative, it seemed that each of them were trying to bring some semblance of order to an otherwise unorganized world. Bringing the two epics together was difficult, but not impossible. Along the way some questions were answered while new questions were possibly raised. Each writer is dynamic and unique in his own way, but a fair comparison would be similar to a jig-saw puzzle that seems as if it will not ever come together, but eventually it does. It is a puzzle that many people will continue to work on piecing together and then even sometimes taking it back apart just to see if it comes back together the same way or ends up something different.